Rules and regulation
Defination
The regulations used to cease the uncontrolled fishing pressure that hamper the fishing resources by any kind of fishing measures .
it can be applied in three ways which enforce the fishing lows
1) Protection
2) Preservation
3) Improvement
Simply regulation means . a rule ordinance or law by which conduct etc . is regulated )
Protection :
Destructive types of fishing measures should not be allowed
Fishing at spawning time . beyond the restricted place , should not be allowed
Fishing in spawning ground and disturbance to the spawners should be avoided
Preservation
-The only improve type of gears are allowed to use for fishing ;
-only the limited size of the fish should be fished out ;
-restriction on fishing and selling time ;
- fishing effort should be pre-determined .
3) Improvement
Improvement of habitat with the views that the maximum sustainable yield is obtained .
Purpose of this chapter :
is to discuss the various ways in which fisheries can be affected by legislation ;
and the effects produced by different types of legislation .
Purpose of this chapter :
Is to discuss the various ways in which fisheries can be affected by legisalation :
And the effects produced by different types of legislation .
Fishery laws and fishing regulation are made by a number of agencies :
National
Regional
International etc.
Purpose of fishery regulation :
The purpose of any fishery regulation from a strictly conservation point of view is to provide for a more bountiful harvest of fish either volume or net value .
Theories of regulation :
The general theories on which most regulations have been based can be classified as follows :
Theory 1: It is necessary to have fairly large numer of older fish for a spawning stock .
Theory 2: all amaller fish must be fully protected as the majority will grow into big fish .
Theory 3: It is very essential to protect fish during the spawning season .
As for example –
Theory 1: It is justify in the case of fish having low fecundity and higher prerntal care . Thus connection between spawners and progeny can be established
Eg: Salmon /Tilapia etc.
In other words fish having higher fecundity and lower parental care . Thus there is no connection between spawners and progeny eg. Carps . so there would not possible to maintain real stock as we started , and with over population where production hampered .
Theory 2: Is also under grave suspicion , especially in the sport fisheries . It may so happened in many water bodies –
Example :
Overpopulation
Growth stunted
Competition for food
Never reach a responsible size
Theory 3:May or amy not be true according to circumstances –
1 . Stock of mature fish is extremely low and the fish are particularly vulnerable to capture during the spawning season , protection may be justified .
What about throughout the year ? If spawners are caught other than the spawning season . Therefore , protection only spawning season may not protect spawners only .
Classification /Types of regulations
There are circumscribed number of ways to achieve a limitation or reduction in the total catch of species
A Limitation on the efficiency of the individual fishing unit
A Limitation on the number of fishing units prrmitted to aperate
A Limitation on the total quantity of fish that can to captured :
Protection certain portion of a population by restriction on gear
Closure to certain fishing areas
Restriction of fishing to certain or selected season
Regulation concerning sale
Protection based on conditions (male /female)sex ;
A limitation on the efficiency of the individual fishing unit :
It is very popular type of regulation because it can be easily enforce with the following ways
Restriction on the size or type of fishing vessel
Size of vessel : based on
-overall length
-on keel length
-net or gross tonnage
Type of vessel : based on
-motor power
-decking etc.
2.Restriction on the type of gear used
3. Restriction on the areas open to some types of gear ;
Eg. Shore areas trawlers / purse seiners are often banned for local fishermen or by sports fishing .
4Bag-limits .eg.1000calm/day
Restriction on size of units of gear . eg . Purse sein limited to length or breath :
Trawling boats 6-8long line limited to 4 only
Restriction on fishing time :hrs/day
A Limitation on the number of fishing units prrmitted to operate
Two ways :
Renewal of limited fishermen license if required temporary license can be issued and
Restriction of man power in individual vessel .
A Limitation on the total quantity of fish that can to captured
Without disturbing the earlier two limitations we put ban on the amount to be taken from the area .
It is possible if we know aboundance sufficiently advance before the fishing season . This forecost must be fairly narrow limits. This can be done in collecting :
-annual adequate sampling of population
-annual mortality /recruitment rate
For examples :
International whaling treaty (WIT)
Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) eastern Pacific assigned a quota in advanced of the season
Alaska Herring fishery /California Surdin fishery a portion for oil+meal/ other canning
Protection certain portion of a population by restriction on gear
Ways :
Restriction of catching small sized fish drawn public sympathy rather than even biological evidences ;
Minimum sized meshes in cod ends of otter trawls;
Minimum sized in the pot or spillers of traps and pound nets:
Minimum spaces between the bottom and the first lath in lobster pots ;
Use of Minimum sized hook in hook and line fishing .
Minimum-sized meshes in gill nets .
Closure to certain fishing areas
Certain areas are often closed to fishing to acheve one or more of the following results :
To limit the total catch ;
To protect fish on their spawning ground ;
To protect fish while migrating through areas of restriction extent where they are very vulnerable to capture ;
To protect young fish on nursery grounds or areas ;
To prevent harvesting and sale of shell fish contaminated by sewage pollution ;
To prevent poisoning from mussels or other mollusks at times when routine tests show them to be dangerously toxic through the ingesiong of certain plankton organisms .
Restriction of fishing to certain or selected season
Purposes are :
To enhance the quality and values of the product by permitting fishing only when the fish are in prime conditiion;
Maximum weight can be achieved if the fishing season opened before the growing season
Spawners can be protected
To prevent fishing of smaller fish which are more vulnerable to the gear .
Regulation concerning sale
-Undersized fish can not be marketable.
Eg. Below9` rohu, catla, carps etc
Protection based on conditions (male /female)sex ;
Female carring eggs can not catch and sale now
Shell fish :
-crab (Cancer magister ) Pacific coast , during molting restricted in fishing .
-Female lobster (Homarus americanus) is ususlly protected when carring eggs
Defination
The regulations used to cease the uncontrolled fishing pressure that hamper the fishing resources by any kind of fishing measures .
it can be applied in three ways which enforce the fishing lows
1) Protection
2) Preservation
3) Improvement
Simply regulation means . a rule ordinance or law by which conduct etc . is regulated )
Protection :
Destructive types of fishing measures should not be allowed
Fishing at spawning time . beyond the restricted place , should not be allowed
Fishing in spawning ground and disturbance to the spawners should be avoided
Preservation
-The only improve type of gears are allowed to use for fishing ;
-only the limited size of the fish should be fished out ;
-restriction on fishing and selling time ;
- fishing effort should be pre-determined .
3) Improvement
Improvement of habitat with the views that the maximum sustainable yield is obtained .
Purpose of this chapter :
is to discuss the various ways in which fisheries can be affected by legislation ;
and the effects produced by different types of legislation .
Purpose of this chapter :
Is to discuss the various ways in which fisheries can be affected by legisalation :
And the effects produced by different types of legislation .
Fishery laws and fishing regulation are made by a number of agencies :
National
Regional
International etc.
Purpose of fishery regulation :
The purpose of any fishery regulation from a strictly conservation point of view is to provide for a more bountiful harvest of fish either volume or net value .
Theories of regulation :
The general theories on which most regulations have been based can be classified as follows :
Theory 1: It is necessary to have fairly large numer of older fish for a spawning stock .
Theory 2: all amaller fish must be fully protected as the majority will grow into big fish .
Theory 3: It is very essential to protect fish during the spawning season .
As for example –
Theory 1: It is justify in the case of fish having low fecundity and higher prerntal care . Thus connection between spawners and progeny can be established
Eg: Salmon /Tilapia etc.
In other words fish having higher fecundity and lower parental care . Thus there is no connection between spawners and progeny eg. Carps . so there would not possible to maintain real stock as we started , and with over population where production hampered .
Theory 2: Is also under grave suspicion , especially in the sport fisheries . It may so happened in many water bodies –
Example :
Overpopulation
Growth stunted
Competition for food
Never reach a responsible size
Theory 3:May or amy not be true according to circumstances –
1 . Stock of mature fish is extremely low and the fish are particularly vulnerable to capture during the spawning season , protection may be justified .
What about throughout the year ? If spawners are caught other than the spawning season . Therefore , protection only spawning season may not protect spawners only .
Classification /Types of regulations
There are circumscribed number of ways to achieve a limitation or reduction in the total catch of species
A Limitation on the efficiency of the individual fishing unit
A Limitation on the number of fishing units prrmitted to aperate
A Limitation on the total quantity of fish that can to captured :
Protection certain portion of a population by restriction on gear
Closure to certain fishing areas
Restriction of fishing to certain or selected season
Regulation concerning sale
Protection based on conditions (male /female)sex ;
A limitation on the efficiency of the individual fishing unit :
It is very popular type of regulation because it can be easily enforce with the following ways
Restriction on the size or type of fishing vessel
Size of vessel : based on
-overall length
-on keel length
-net or gross tonnage
Type of vessel : based on
-motor power
-decking etc.
2.Restriction on the type of gear used
3. Restriction on the areas open to some types of gear ;
Eg. Shore areas trawlers / purse seiners are often banned for local fishermen or by sports fishing .
4Bag-limits .eg.1000calm/day
Restriction on size of units of gear . eg . Purse sein limited to length or breath :
Trawling boats 6-8long line limited to 4 only
Restriction on fishing time :hrs/day
A Limitation on the number of fishing units prrmitted to operate
Two ways :
Renewal of limited fishermen license if required temporary license can be issued and
Restriction of man power in individual vessel .
A Limitation on the total quantity of fish that can to captured
Without disturbing the earlier two limitations we put ban on the amount to be taken from the area .
It is possible if we know aboundance sufficiently advance before the fishing season . This forecost must be fairly narrow limits. This can be done in collecting :
-annual adequate sampling of population
-annual mortality /recruitment rate
For examples :
International whaling treaty (WIT)
Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) eastern Pacific assigned a quota in advanced of the season
Alaska Herring fishery /California Surdin fishery a portion for oil+meal/ other canning
Protection certain portion of a population by restriction on gear
Ways :
Restriction of catching small sized fish drawn public sympathy rather than even biological evidences ;
Minimum sized meshes in cod ends of otter trawls;
Minimum sized in the pot or spillers of traps and pound nets:
Minimum spaces between the bottom and the first lath in lobster pots ;
Use of Minimum sized hook in hook and line fishing .
Minimum-sized meshes in gill nets .
Closure to certain fishing areas
Certain areas are often closed to fishing to acheve one or more of the following results :
To limit the total catch ;
To protect fish on their spawning ground ;
To protect fish while migrating through areas of restriction extent where they are very vulnerable to capture ;
To protect young fish on nursery grounds or areas ;
To prevent harvesting and sale of shell fish contaminated by sewage pollution ;
To prevent poisoning from mussels or other mollusks at times when routine tests show them to be dangerously toxic through the ingesiong of certain plankton organisms .
Restriction of fishing to certain or selected season
Purposes are :
To enhance the quality and values of the product by permitting fishing only when the fish are in prime conditiion;
Maximum weight can be achieved if the fishing season opened before the growing season
Spawners can be protected
To prevent fishing of smaller fish which are more vulnerable to the gear .
Regulation concerning sale
-Undersized fish can not be marketable.
Eg. Below9` rohu, catla, carps etc
Protection based on conditions (male /female)sex ;
Female carring eggs can not catch and sale now
Shell fish :
-crab (Cancer magister ) Pacific coast , during molting restricted in fishing .
-Female lobster (Homarus americanus) is ususlly protected when carring eggs
